Everything about Monocacy River totally explained
» For other streams named Monocacy, see Monocacy.
The
Monocacy River is a free-flowing tributary of the
Potomac River, which empties into the
Atlantic Ocean via the
Chesapeake Bay. The
river is approximately 58
statute miles (93.3
km) long, with a drainage area of about 744
mi² (1,927
km²). It is the largest
Maryland tributary to the Potomac.
The name
Monocacy comes from the
Shawnee name for the river,
Monnockkesey, which translates to "river with many bends." (However, another local tradition asserts that "Monocacy" means "well fenced garden" in an Indian language.) An unrelated stream, Monocacy Creek, is a tributary of the Lehigh River in Northampton County, Pennsylvania, in the United States.
The
Monocacy Battlefield lies alongside part of the river, marking an
1864 engagement during the
American Civil War, the
Battle of Monocacy Junction. The
Chesapeake and Ohio Canal crosses over the river at the
Monocacy Aqueduct, the largest of the 11
aqueducts on the canal.
Geography
The river rises in
Carroll County, Maryland, west of the unincorporated town of
Harney, near the
Maryland-
Pennsylvania border. The river is formed by the
confluence of
Marsh Creek and
Rock Creek, which flow out of
Adams County, Pennsylvania. Maryland tributaries include Furnace Branch, Stony Creek,
Carroll Creek and
Linganore Creek in
Frederick County and Double Pipe Creek in Carroll County; other Pennsylvania tributaries include
Toms Creek in Adams and
Franklin County.
About 60% of the Monocacy Watershed is dedicated to agricultural use; about 33% of the watershed is forested. The city of
Frederick and its suburbs is the largest urban area within the watershed.
The Monocacy is categorized as a Maryland Wild and Scenic River, but it has one of the greatest
nonpoint source pollution problems in the state due in large part to
runoff from the 3,500 farms,
livestock operations and
dairies in the watershed. The river is part of a national water quality demonstration project sponsored by the
U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) designed to help stem pollution due to
erosion and runoff from agricultural operations.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Monocacy River'.
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